Fabrication and upconversion luminescence properties of Er:SrF2 transparent ceramics compared with Er:CaF2

SrF₂ transparent ceramic is a promising upconversion material due to the low phonon energy. The effect of different sintering temperatures on Er:SrF₂ transparent ceramics was investigated. The suitable sintering temperature for Er:SrF₂ transparent ceramics was 900 °C by hot-pressed sintering in this study. High quality of Er:SrF₂ transparent ceramics with different doping concentrations were obtained. The upconversion luminescence spectra and decay behavior were compared between Er:SrF₂ and Er:CaF₂ transparent ceramics with different Er³⁺ doping concentration. The green emission of 5 at.% Er:SrF₂ ceramic was much stronger than that of 5 at.% Er:CaF₂ ceramic, while the red emission of Er:SrF₂ ceramic was almost the same as that of Er:CaF₂ ceramic. The upconversion luminescence lifetime of Er:SrF₂ transparent ceramics was longer than that of Er:CaF₂.All the results indicated Er:SrF₂ transparent ceramics was a candidate for green fluorescent upconversion materials.     

How the biaxially stretching mode influence dielectric and energy storage properties of polypropylene films

The most important polymer film used in commercial capacitors is biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP), which could be produced by sequentially or simultaneously biaxial orientation after the melt-extrusion. In order to disclose the influence of the stretching technique on the properties of films, the BOPP films with varied thickness were fabricated by sequential and simultaneous orientation, respectively. Compared to the sequentially biaxially stretched films, the crystal grains in the simultaneously biaxially stretched films are more isotropically dispersed. As temperature increases, all the BOPP films exhibit similar dielectric constant, and the simultaneous films have much lower dielectric loss thanks to the finer blended crystalline and amorphous phases. When the film thickness is smaller than 5 μm, the breakdown field strength, energy density and discharging time of the simultaneous films can be increased by at least 10% comparing to the sequential ones, which is very important for reducing the volume of the film capacitors. All the results suggest the simultaneously biaxial orientation mode shows significant advantages in producing thin BOPP films with better mechanical and electrical properties.     

Altered age-hardening behavior in the ultrafine-grained surface layer of Mg-Zn-Y-Ce-Zr alloy processed by sliding friction treatment

To gain insight into the ageing behavior of ultrafine grain(UFG)structure,the precipitation phenom-ena and microstructural evolutions of Mg-6Zn-1Y-0.4Ce-0.5 Zr(wt.％)alloy processed by sliding friction treatment(SFT)were systematically studied using hardness texting,transmission electron microscopy(TEM)equipped with high-angle annular dark-field scanning(HADDF-STEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD)and XRD line broadening analysis.The microhardness of the SFT-processed(SFTed)sample initially decreases from 109.6 HV to 104.8 HV at ageing for 8 h,and then increases to the peak-ageing point of 115.4 HV at 16 h.Subsequently,it enters the over-aged period.The un-SFTed sample,as the counterpart,follows a regular ageing behavior that increases from 89.9 HV to 99.6 HV when ageing for 12 h,and then drops.A multi-mechanistic model is established to describe the strengthening due to grain refinement,disloca-tion accumulation,precipitation etc.The analysis reveals that the temperature sensitive UFG structure has an obvious grain coarsening effect,which arouses the soft phenomenon in the early ageing stage.But precipitation hardening provides an excellent hardness enhancement for overcoming the negative influ-ence and helping to reach the peak-aged point.In our microstructural observations,a lot of equilibrium ultrafine MgZn2 precipitates precipitate along dislocations because defects can provide the favorable conditions for the migration and segregation of solute atoms.     

Stable Radicals with Protective Umbrellas Integrated on the Surface of 2D Layered Materials

Radicals are closely related to human life and health and have been widely used in biology, chemistry, functional materials, etc. However, the high reactivity, disorder, and short half-lives limit their wide applications. Therefore, it remains a great challenge to prepare stable and ordered radicals. Herein, radicals are prepared with protective umbrellas (diethylmethyleneamine, DEMA) that are integrated on the surface of 2D layered materials to isolate water and oxygen and enhance the stability of radicals. Taking 2D black phosphorus (BP) as an example: triethylamine reacts with dichloromethane to form quaternary ammonium salts with further Hoffmann elimination to produce DEMA radicals that could react with one electron of a lone pair electrons in P on the surface of BP to produce P radicals, which shows a prolonged half-life of 21 days at room temperature. First-principle calculations and electron paramagnetic resonance fitting confirm that the steric hindrance constructed by dense DEMA passivation layer acts as a protective umbrella and the 2D coupling of P radicals and other P atoms in 2D BP plane to enhance the stability and strong superexchange interaction of P radicals. Furthermore, it is a general strategy to produce stable radicals integrated on the 2D plane.     

Nanovaccine-Mediated Cell Selective Delivery of Neoantigens Potentiating Adoptive Dendritic Cell Transfer for Personalized Immunization

Neoantigen vaccines and adoptive dendritic cell (DC) transfer are major clinical approaches to initiate personalized immunity in cancer patients. However, the immunization efficacy is largely limited by the in vivo trajectory including neoantigens’ access to resident DCs and DCs’ access to lymph nodes (LNs). Herein, an innovative strategy is proposed to improve personalized immunization through neoantigen-loaded nanovaccines synergized with adoptive DC transfer. It is found that it enables selective delivery of neoantigens to resident DCs and macrophages by coating cancer cell membranes onto neoantigen-loaded nanoparticles. In addition, the nanovaccines promote the secretion of chemokine C-C motif ligand 2 (CCL2), CCL3, and C-X-C motif ligand 10 from macrophages, thus potentiating the access of transferred DCs to LNs. This immunization strategy enables coordinated delivery of identified neoantigens and autologous tumor lysate-derived undefined antigens, leading to initiation of antitumor T cell immunity in a personalized manner. It significantly inhibits tumor growth in prophylactic and established mouse tumor models. The findings provide a new vision for potentiating adoptive cell transfer by nanovaccines, which may open the door to a transformative possibility for improving personalized immunization.     

基于概率法的电力系统安全分析

为应对电力系统安全分析中的停机问题，基于概率法的方式，将常用的确定停机计算与加入了概率法的概率停机进行比较，研究了二者的区别与其在长期投资方向的不同。在进行电力系统停机分析时，通常会分别从确定停机与概率停机的角度出发，对其应急状态下的潮流进行计算。但前者的方法可能导致极低概率的停机事件被忽略，进而影响长期的资金投资。通过加入概率法的计算，使得对单个停机事件的判定由其具体的频率来确定，增加了系统运行的稳定性。     

采用温控和碘吸收池技术的发射激光稳频技术

多普勒测风激光雷达通过分析系统回波信号的多普勒频移反演出风速，为提高风场探测精度，从稳频技术方面展开研究。在稳频过程中，分别采取措施消除激光频率的长期漂移和短期抖动。针对激光频率的长期漂移，设计并研制了种子激光器温控箱，通过水浴的控温方式大大减小了激光频率的长期漂移，将激光频率稳定在±50 MHz以内；针对激光频率的短期抖动，采用以碘分子吸收池为核心器件的稳频系统，通过半导体控温方式对碘分子吸收池精确控温，控温精度达0.03 ℃，提高了稳频精度，将激光频率进一步稳定在±8 MHz以内，满足±10 MHz以内的设计精度要求。通过搭建多普勒测风激光雷达系统，对发射激光稳频装置进行系统验证，连续4组风场观测结果表明:系统探测高度为17 km，绝大部分方差在4 m/s以下，满足测风激光雷达测量指标的要求。     

泥浆脉冲系统压杆打捞工具的使用及打捞工艺

针对泥浆脉冲系统发生的孔内压杆的情况,分析压杆原因,提出一种区别于无法完成压杆打捞的传统打捞方法的打捞工艺,并详细分析其打捞工具、打捞过程、打捞注注意事项,在此基础上给出孔内压杆的防范措施.     

纯电环卫车箱体轻量化的有限元分析方法研究

以16t纯电环卫车箱体为研究对象,通过有限元分析方法的研究,在实现轻量化设计的同时解决了箱体开裂的问题,经实车验证强度满足,同时实现降重40kg,为纯电环卫车的轻量化设计提供了一条可行的途径.     

采煤机滚筒装煤效率优化

以雁崖薄煤层矿井采用的WG-2×125/571-WD型滚筒采煤机为研究对象,在阐述了滚筒装煤机理的计算过程后,利用MATLAB软件对叶片螺旋升角与装煤效率进行了模拟仿真,获得了螺旋升角的最佳值,接着利用PFC颗粒流软件将改进后的滚筒结构与原滚筒结构进行了模拟仿真.通过仿真得知:改进后的滚筒结构不仅能有效提高抛煤速度,而且能缩短煤流在叶片上的滑移时间.